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 Friday the 13th</div>
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Friday the 13th, also known as Black Friday in some countries, is considered an unlucky day in <a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" title="Western culture">Western</a> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" title="Superstition">superstition</a>. It occurs when the 13th day of the month in the <a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a>
 falls on a Friday. There is no written evidence for a "Friday the 13th"
 superstition before the 19th century, and the superstition only gained 
widespread distribution in the 20th century. The fear of the number 13 
has been given a scientific name: triskadekaphobia; and on analogy to this the fear of Friday the 13th is called paraskevidekatriaphobia, from the <a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" title="Greek language">Greek</a> words Paraskeví (Παρασκευή, meaning "Friday"), and dekatreís (δεκατρείς, meaning "thirteen").</div>
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 </div>
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History </div>
It's not known for certain how the superstition surrounding this day 
arose, but both Friday and the number 13 are connected with the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crucifixion_of_Jesus" title="Crucifixion of Jesus">crucifixion of Christ</a> (Friday being the day the crucifixion took place, commemorated weekly in <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholic" title="Catholic">Catholic</a> practice, and 13 being the number of people present at the <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Last_supper" title="Last supper">Last supper</a>). According to Phillips Stevens, Jr., associate professor of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthropology" title="Anthropology">anthropology</a> at the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_at_Buffalo" title="University at Buffalo">University at Buffalo</a> (SUNY), "There were 13 people at the <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper_room" title="Upper room">table</a> (at the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Last_Supper" title="Last Supper">Last Supper</a>) and the 13th was <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judas" title="Judas">Judas</a>. The Last Supper was on a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maundy_Thursday" title="Maundy Thursday">Thursday</a>, and the next day was <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Good_Friday" title="Good Friday">Friday</a>, the day of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crucifixion_of_Jesus" title="Crucifixion of Jesus">crucifixion</a>. When '13' and Friday come together, it is a double whammy."<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friday_the_13th#cite_note-DellaContrada-3">[3]</a> 

<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friday" title="Friday">Friday</a>
 has been considered an unlucky day to undertake journeys or begin new 
projects at least since the 14th century, as witnessed by Chaucer's <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Canterbury_Tales" title="The Canterbury Tales">Canterbury Tales</a>.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friday_the_13th#cite_note-mathworld-4">[4]</a> 

However, folklorists maintain that there is no written evidence for a "Friday the 13th" superstition before the 19th century.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friday_the_13th#cite_note-Lachenmeyer-5">[5]</a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friday_the_13th#cite_note-NatGeo-6">[6]</a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friday_the_13th#cite_note-western-7">[7]</a> An early documented reference in English occurs in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Sutherland_Edwards" title="Henry Sutherland Edwards">Henry Sutherland Edwards</a>' 1869 biography of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gioachino_Rossini" title="Gioachino Rossini">Gioachino Rossini</a>, who died on a Friday 13th: 
 He [Rossini] was surrounded to the last by admiring friends; and if it 
be true that, like so many Italians, he regarded Fridays as an unlucky 
day and thirteen as an unlucky number, it is remarkable that on Friday 
13th of November he passed away.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friday_the_13th#cite_note-8">[8]</a> 
 
It's possible that the publication in 1907 of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_W._Lawson_%28businessman%29" title="Thomas W. Lawson (businessman)">Thomas W. Lawson</a>'s popular novel Friday, the Thirteenth,<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friday_the_13th#cite_note-9">[9]</a> contributed to disseminating the superstition. In the novel, an unscrupulous <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broker" title="Broker">broker</a> takes advantage of the superstition to create a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wall_Street" title="Wall Street">Wall Street</a> panic on a Friday the 13th.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friday_the_13th#cite_note-Lachenmeyer-5">[5]</a> 

Other possible contributing factors include: 

<ul>
<li>In <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numerology" title="Numerology">numerology</a>, the number twelve is considered the number of completeness, as reflected in the twelve <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Month" title="Month">months</a> of the year, twelve <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hour" title="Hour">hours</a> of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clock" title="Clock">clock</a> day, <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dodekatheon" title="Dodekatheon">the twelve deities of Olympus</a>, twelve <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israelites" title="Israelites">tribes of Israel</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apostle_%28Christian%29#The_twelve_apostles" title="Apostle (Christian)">twelve Apostles</a> of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Jesus</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Twelve_Imams" title="The Twelve Imams">the 12 successors of Muhammad in Shia Islam</a>, twelve signs of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zodiac" title="Zodiac">Zodiac</a>,
 the 12 years of the Chinese Buddhist cycle, etc. In contrast the number
 thirteen is considered irregular, transgressing this completeness.</li>
<li>There is a superstition, thought by some to derive from the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Last_Supper" title="Last Supper">Last Supper</a> or a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norse_mythology" title="Norse mythology">Norse myth</a>, that having thirteen people seated at a table results in the death of one of the diners.</li>
<li>On Friday, 13 October 1307, hundreds of the Knights Templar were 
arrested in France, possibly giving rise to the fear of a curse on that 
day. This connection between the Friday the 13th superstition and the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knights_Templar" title="Knights Templar">Knights Templar</a> was popularized in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dan_Brown" title="Dan Brown">Dan Brown</a>'s 2003 novel <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Da_Vinci_Code" title="The Da Vinci Code">The Da Vinci Code</a> and in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_J._Robinson" title="John J. Robinson">John J. Robinson</a>'s 1989 work Born in Blood: The Lost Secrets of Freemasonry,
 and also in the Maurice Druon historical novel series: "The Accursed 
Kings" (French: Les Rois Maudits). However, experts agree that this is a
 relatively recent correlation, and most likely a modern-day invention.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friday_the_13th#cite_note-mathworld-4">[4]</a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friday_the_13th#cite_note-Snopes-10">[10]</a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friday_the_13th#cite_note-why-11">[11]</a><h2>
Tuesday the 13th (Hispanic & Greek culture)</h2>
In <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_where_Spanish_is_an_official_language" title="List of countries where Spanish is an official language">Spanish-speaking countries</a>, instead of Friday, Tuesday the 13th (martes trece) is considered a day of bad luck.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friday_the_13th#cite_note-Falc.C3.B3n-12">[12]</a> The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greeks</a> also consider Tuesday (and especially the 13th) an unlucky day[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>].
 Tuesday is considered dominated by the influence of Ares, the god of 
war. A connection can be seen in the etymology of the name in some 
European languages (Mardi in French or martes in Spanish). The fall of 
Constantinople to the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourth_Crusade" title="Fourth Crusade">Fourth Crusade</a> occurred on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Constantinople_%281204%29" title="Siege of Constantinople (1204)">Tuesday, April 13, 1204</a>, and the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fall_of_Constantinople" title="Fall of Constantinople">Fall of Constantinople</a> to the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottomans</a> happened on Tuesday, 29 May 1453, events that strengthen the superstition about Tuesday. In addition, in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a> the name of the day is Triti (Τρίτη) meaning literally the third (day of the week), adding weight to the superstition, since bad luck is said to "come in threes".[<a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Disputed_statement" title="Wikipedia:Disputed statement">dubious</a> – <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Friday_the_13th#Dubious" title="Talk:Friday the 13th">discuss</a>]

<h2>
Friday the 17th (Italy)</h2>
In <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italian</a> popular culture, Friday the 17th (and not the 13th) is considered a day of bad luck.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friday_the_13th#cite_note-13">[13]</a>
 The origin of this belief could be traced in the writing of number 17, 
in ancient Latin: XVII. By shuffling the digits of the number you can 
easily get the word VIXI (I lived, hence now I'm dead) omen of bad luck.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friday_the_13th#cite_note-14">[14]</a> In fact, in Italy, 13 is generally considered a lucky number.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friday_the_13th#cite_note-15">[15]</a> However, due to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Americanization" title="Americanization">Americanization</a>, young people consider Friday the 13th unlucky as well.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friday_the_13th#cite_note-16">[16]</a>

The 2000 parody film <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shriek_If_You_Know_What_I_Did_Last_Friday_the_Thirteenth" title="Shriek If You Know What I Did Last Friday the Thirteenth">Shriek If You Know What I Did Last Friday the Thirteenth</a> was released in Italy with the title Shriek – Hai impegni per venerdì 17? ("Shriek – Do You Have Something to Do on Friday the 17th?").

<h2>
Social impact</h2>
According to the Stress Management Center and Phobia Institute in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asheville,_North_Carolina" title="Asheville, North Carolina">Asheville, North Carolina</a>, an estimated 17 to 21 million people in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>
 are affected by a fear of this day, making it the most feared day and 
date in history. Some people are so paralyzed by fear that they avoid 
their normal routines in doing business, taking flights or even getting 
out of bed. "It's been estimated that <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">[US]$</a>800 or $900 million is lost in business on this day".<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friday_the_13th#cite_note-NatGeo-6">[6]</a> Despite this, representatives for both <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delta_Air_Lines" title="Delta Air Lines">Delta Air Lines</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continental_Airlines" title="Continental Airlines">Continental Airlines</a> have stated that their airlines do not suffer from any noticeable drop in travel on those Fridays.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friday_the_13th#cite_note-17">[17]</a>

In Finland, a consortium of governmental and nongovernmental 
organizations led by the Ministry of Social Affairs and Health promotes 
the National Accident Day, which always falls on a Friday 13th.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friday_the_13th#cite_note-18">[18]</a>

<h3>
Rate of accidents</h3>
A study in the <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Medical_Journal" title="British Medical Journal">British Medical Journal</a>,
 published in 1993, concluded that there "is a significant level of 
traffic-related incidences on Friday the 13th as opposed to a random 
day, such as Friday the 6th, in the UK."<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friday_the_13th#cite_note-19">[19]</a> However, the <a class="new" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dutch_Centre_for_Insurance_Statistics&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Dutch Centre for Insurance Statistics (page does not exist)">Dutch Centre for Insurance Statistics</a>
 (CVS) on 12 June 2008 stated that "fewer accidents and reports of fire 
and theft occur when the 13th of the month falls on a Friday than on 
other Fridays, because people are preventatively more careful or just 
stay home. Statistically speaking, driving is slightly safer on Friday 
the 13th, at least in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>;
 in the last two years, Dutch insurers received reports of an average 
7,800 traffic accidents each Friday; but the average figure when the 
13th fell on a Friday was just 7,500."<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friday_the_13th#cite_note-20">[20]</a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friday_the_13th#cite_note-21">[21]</a>

<div class="hatnote relarticle mainarticle">
Main article: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1972_Andes_flight_disaster" title="1972 Andes flight disaster">1972 Andes flight disaster</a></div>
On Friday 13 October 1972 a plane carrying 45 Uruguayan passengers 
and crew including members of the Old Christian rugby team and their 
family members and associates crashed in the Andes mountains after 
veering off route to Santiago, Chile. 16 of the 45 on board ultimately 
survived after spending 72 days in unimaginable conditions. It is 
heralded as one of the greatest human survival stories of all time.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friday_the_13th#cite_note-22">[22]</a>

<h2>
Occurrence</h2>
The following months have a Friday the 13th:

<table class="wikitable"><tbody>
<tr>
<th>Month</th>
<th>Years</th>
<th><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominical_letter" title="Dominical letter">Dominical 
letter</a></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>January</td>
<td>1978, 1984, 1989, 1995, 2006, 2012, 2017, 2023, 2034</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">A, AG</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>February</td>
<td>1976, 1981, 1987, 1998, 2004, 2009, 2015, 2026, 2032, 2037</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">D, DC</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>March</td>
<td>1981, 1987, 1992, 1998, 2009, 2015, 2020, 2026, 2037</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">D, ED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>April</td>
<td>1973, 1979, 1984, 1990, 2001, 2007, 2012, 2018, 2029, 2035</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">G, AG</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>May</td>
<td>1977, 1983, 1988, 1994, 2005, 2011, 2016, 2022, 2033</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">B, CB</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>June</td>
<td>1975, 1980, 1986, 1997, 2003, 2008, 2014, 2025, 2031, 2036</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">E, FE</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>July</td>
<td>1973, 1979, 1984, 1990, 2001, 2007, 2012, 2018, 2029, 2035</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">G, AG</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>August</td>
<td>1976, 1982, 1993, 1999, 2004, 2010, 2021, 2027, 2032</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">C, DC</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>September</td>
<td>1974, 1985, 1991, 1996, 2002, 2013, 2019, 2024, 2030</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">F, GF</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>October</td>
<td>1972, 1978, 1989, 1995, 2000, 2006, 2017, 2023, 2028, 2034</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">A, BA</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>November</td>
<td>1981, 1987, 1992, 1998, 2009, 2015, 2020, 2026, 2037</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">D, ED</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>December</td>
<td>1974, 1985, 1991, 1996, 2002, 2013, 2019, 2024, 2030</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">F, GF</td><td style="text-align: center;"> </td><td style="text-align: center;"> </td><td style="text-align: center;"> </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
This sequence given here for 2001–2028, follows a 28-year cycle from 1
 March 1900 to 28 February 2100. The months with a Friday the 13th are 
determined by the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominical_letter" title="Dominical letter">Dominical letter</a>
 (G, F, GF, etc.) of the year. Any month that starts on a Sunday 
contains a Friday the 13th, and there is at least one Friday the 13th in
 every calendar year. There can be as many as three Friday the 13ths in a
 single calendar year; either in February, March and November in a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_year_starting_on_Thursday" title="Common year starting on Thursday">common year starting on Thursday</a> (such as 2009 or 2015) <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominical_letter" title="Dominical letter">(D)</a>, or January, April and July in a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leap_year_starting_on_Sunday" title="Leap year starting on Sunday">leap year starting on Sunday</a> (such as 2012) <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominical_letter" title="Dominical letter">(AG)</a>.

The longest period that can occur without a Friday the 13th is 
fourteen months, either from July to September the following year being a
 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_year_starting_on_Tuesday" title="Common year starting on Tuesday">common year starting on Tuesday</a> (e.g., between 2001–02, 2012–13, and 2018–19), or from August to October the following year being a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leap_year_starting_on_Saturday" title="Leap year starting on Saturday">leap year starting on Saturday</a> (e.g., between 1999–2000 or 2027–28).

Patterns for common years:

Each <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian</a> 400-year cycle contains 146,097 days (365 × 400 = 146,000 normal days, plus 97 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leap_year" title="Leap year">leap days</a>).
 146,097 days ÷ 7 days per week = 20,871 weeks. Thus, each cycle 
contains the same pattern of days of the week (and thus the same pattern
 of Fridays that are on the 13th). The 13th day of the month is slightly
 more likely to be a Friday than any other day of the week.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friday_the_13th#cite_note-23">[23]</a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friday_the_13th#cite_note-24">[24]</a>
 On average, there is a Friday the 13th once every 212.35 days (compared
 to Thursday the 13th, which occurs only once every 213.59 days).

The distribution of the 13th day over the 4,800 months is as follows:

<table class="wikitable"><tbody>
<tr>
<th>Day of the week</th>
<td>Sunday</td>
<td>Monday</td>
<td>Tuesday</td>
<td>Wednesday</td>
<td>Thursday</td>
<td>Friday</td>
<td>Saturday</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>Number of occurrences</th>
<td>687</td>
<td>685</td>
<td>685</td>
<td>687</td>
<td>684</td>
<td>688</td>
<td>684</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<h2>
 Source : Wikipedia</h2>
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Friday the 13th - Black Friday - Bad Luck ! ! !

Friday the 13th Friday the 13th , also known as Black Friday in some countries, is considered an unlucky day in Western superstition...

Friday the 13th - Black Friday - Bad Luck ! ! !

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